JANUARY

SAME AS IT EVER WAS

I .4.2023

MAKE A AMERICA SAFE AGAIN

NEVER TOO LATE AND THEN IT IS

JANUARY

REAL SAINTS

THESE ARE THE PEOPLE WHO STOOD UP

TO COME

WRITERS REPORTERS CRITICS

WTO COME

ARTISTS CREATIVES

TO COME

GAME CHANGERS

TO COME

INVENTORS

TO COME

ACTORS SINGERS COMICS

TO COME

I429

Joan of Arc

liberates

Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier.

God's call

Margaret Mead

was both a student of civilization

and an exemplar of it.

To a public of millions,

she brought the central

insight of cultural anthropology:

that varying cultural patterns express

an underlying human unity.

She mastered her discipline,

but she also transcended it.

Intrepid, independent, plain spoken, fearless,

she remains a model for the young and

a teacher from whom all may learn.

January 1

events deaths births

153 BC –Roman consuls begin their year in office on January 1.
45 BC – Julian calendar takes effect,January 1 as the new date of the new year.
42 BC – Roman Senate posthumously deifies Julius Caesar.
193 – The Senate chooses Pertinax against his will to succeed Commodus as Roman emperor.
404 – Saint Telemachus tries to stop a gladiatorial fight in a Roman amphitheatre, and is stoned to death by the crowd. This act impresses the Christian Emperor Honorius, who issues a historic ban on gladiatorial fights.
417 – Emperor Honorius forces Galla Placidia into marriage to Constantius, his famous general (magister militum) (probable).
1001 – Stephen I of Hungary is named the first King of Hungary
1259 – Michael VIII Palaiologos is proclaimed co-emperor of the Empire of Nicaea with his ward John IV Laskaris.
1438 – Albert II of Habsburg is crowned King of Hungary.
1500 –Pedro Álvares Cabral discovers the coast of Brazil.
1502 – Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is first explored by the Portuguese.
1515 – Francis, Duke of Brittany, succeeds to the French throne following the death of his father-in-law, Louis XII.
1527 – Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria as King of Croatia
1600 – Scotland recognises January 1 as the start of the year, instead of March 25.[15]
1604 – The Masque of Indian and China Knights is performed by courtiers of James VI and I at Hampton Court.[16]
1651 – Charles II is crowned King of Scotland
1700 – Russia begins using the Anno Domini era instead of the Anno Mundi era of the Byzantine Empire.[18]
1739 – Bouvet Island, the world's remotest island, is discovered
1772 – The first traveler's cheques,
1773 – The hymn that became known as "Amazing Grace", then titled "1 Chronicles 17:16–17", is first used to accompany a sermon led by John Newton in the town of Olney, Buckinghamshire, England.[23]
1776 – Norfolk, Virginia is burned by combined Royal Navy and Continental Army action.
1776 –George Washington hoists the first United States flag, the Grand Union Flag, at Prospect Hill.
1781 – One thousand five hundred soldiers of the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment under General Anthony Wayne's command rebel against the Continental Army's winter camp in Morristown, New Jersey in the Pennsylvania Line Mutiny of 1781.
1788 – The Times of London, previously The Daily Universal Register, is published.[
1801 – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland is proclaimed.
1801 – Ceres, the largest and first known object in the Asteroid belt, discovered
1804 – French rule ends in Haiti.
1808 – The United States bans the importation of slaves.[32]
1822 – The Greek Constitution of 1822
1834 – Most of Germany forms the Zollverein customs union,
1847 – The world's first "Mercy" Hospital is founded in Pittsburgh, United States, by a group of Sisters of Mercy from Ireland;[36] the name will go on to grace over 30 major hospitals throughout the world.
1861 – Liberal forces supporting Benito Juárez enter Mexico City.
1863 – The Emancipation Proclamation takes effect in Confederate territory.
1885 – 25 nations adopt Sandford Fleming's proposal for standard time (and also, time zones).
1890 – Eritrea is consolidated into a colony by the Italian government.
1892 – Ellis Island begins processing immigrants into the United States.[
1898 – New York, New York annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York. The four initial boroughs, Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and The Bronx, are joined on January 25 by Staten Island to create the modern city of five boroughs.
1899 – Spanish rule ends in Cuba.
1900 – Nigeria becomes British protectorate
1901 – The British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania, and Western Australia federate as the Commonwealth of Australia; Edmund Barton is appointed the first Prime Minister.[47]
1902 – The first American college football bowl game, the Rose Bowl between Michigan and Stanford, Pasadena, California.[48]
1912 – Republic of China
1914 – The SPT Airboat Line becomes the world's first scheduled airline to use a winged aircraft.
1923 – Britain's Railways are grouped into the Big Four:
1927 – A new Mexican oil legislation goes into effect, leading to war
1928 – Boris Bazhanov defects through Iran. the only assistant of Joseph Stalin's secretariat to have defected from the Eastern Bloc.
1929 – The former municipalities of Point Grey, British Columbia and South Vancouver, British Columbia are amalgamated into Vancouver.
1932 – The United States Post Office Department issues a set of 12 stamps commemorating the 200th anniversary of George Washington's birth.
1934 – Alcatraz Island becomes a United States federal prison.
1934 – A "Law for the Prevention of Genetically Diseased Offspring" comes into effect in Nazi Germany.[58]
1942 – The Declaration by United Nations
1945 – The German Luftwaffe launches Operation Bodenplatte, a massive, but failed, attempt to knock out Allied air power in northern Europe in a single blow.[60]
1947 – The American and British occupation zones in Allied-occupied Germany, after World War II, merge to form the Bizone, which later (with the French zone) became part of West Germany.[
1947 – The Canadian Citizenship Act 1946 comes into effect, converting British subjects into Canadian citizens.
1948 –British railway network is nationalized to form British Railways.
1949 – United Nations cease-fire takes effect in Kashmir from one minute before midnight. War between India and Pakistan stops accordingly.[
1956 – Sudan achieves independence from Egypt and the UK
1958 – The European Economic Community established.[68]
1959 – dictator of Cuba, is overthrown by Fidel Castro's forces.
1965 – People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan is founded
1970 – The defined beginning of Unix time, at 00:00:00.
1971 – Cigarette advertisements are banned on American television.
1976 – A bomb explodes on board Middle East Airlines Flight 438 over Qaisumah, Saudi Arabia, killing 81
1978 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747, crashes into the Arabian Sea off the coast of Bombay, India, killing 213
1979 – diplomatic relations are established between the People's Republic of China and the United States.
1983 – TTCP/IP, the Internet Protocol, effectively creating the Internet.
1984 – The original American Telephone & Telegraph Company is divested of its 22 Bell System companies as a result of the settlement of the 1974 United States Department of Justice antitrust suit against AT&T.[83]
1988 – The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America
1989 – The Montreal Protocol comes into force, stopping the use of chemicals contributing to ozone depletion.[88]
1994 – The Zapatista Army of National Liberation initiates twelve days of armed conflict in the Mexican state of Chiapas.[91]
1994 – The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
1995 – The World Trade Organization comes into being.
1995 – The Draupner wave in the North Sea in Norway is detected, confirming the existence of freak waves.
2007 – Adam Air Flight 574 breaks apart in mid-air and crashes near the Makassar Strait, Indonesia, killing 102
2009 – 66 die in a nightclub fire in Bangkok, Thailand.
2010 – A suicide car bomber detonates at a volleyball tournament in Lakki Marwat, Pakistan, killing 105 injuring 100 more.[
2011 – A bomb explodes as Coptic Christians in Alexandria, Egypt, leave a new year service, killing 23
2013 – At least 60 people are killed and 200 injured in a stampede after celebrations at Félix Houphouët-Boigny Stadium in Abidjan, Ivory Coast.[106]
2017 – An attack on a nightclub in Istanbul, Turkey, during New Year's celebrations, kills at least 39 people and injures more than 60 others.

165
138 – Lucius Aelius, adopted son intended successor of Hadrian (b. 101)
404 – Telemachus, Christian monk and martyr[
898 – Odo I, Frankish king (b. 860)[325]
951 – Ramiro II, king of León and Galicia[326]
1031 – William of Volpiano, Italian abbot (b. 962)
1189 – Henry of Marcy, Cistercian abbot (b. c. 1136)[328]
1204 – Haakon III, king of Norway (b. 1182)
1387 – Charles II, king of Navarre (b. 1332)[330]
1496 – Charles d'Orléans, count of Angoulême (b. 1459)[331]
1515 – Louis XII, king of France (b. 1462)[332]
1559 – Christian III, king of Denmark (b. 1503)[333]
1560 – Joachim du Bellay, French poet and critic (b. 1522)
1617 – Hendrik Goltzius, Dutch painter and illustrator (b. 1558)[335]
1697 – Filippo Baldinucci, Florentine historian and author (b. 1625)[336]
1716 – William Wycherley, English playwright and poet (b. 1641)[337]
1748 – Johann Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician academic (b. 1667)
1780 – Johann Ludwig Krebs, German organist composer (b. 1713)
1782 – Johann Christian Bach, German composer (b. 1735)
1789 – Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley, English lawyer and politician, British Speaker of the House of Commons (b. 1716)
1793 – Francesco Guardi, Italian painter and educator (b. 1712)
1817 – Martin Heinrich Klaproth, German chemist and academic (b. 1743)
1846 – John Torrington, English sailor and explorer (b. 1825)[344]
1853 – Gregory Blaxland, Australian farmer and explorer (b. 1778)[345]
1862 – Mikhail Ostrogradsky, Ukrainian mathematician and physicist (b. 1801)
1881 – Louis Auguste Blanqui, French activist (b. 1805)[348]
1892 – Roswell B. Mason, American lawyer and politician, 25th Mayor of Chicago (b. 1805)
1894 – Heinrich Hertz, German physicist and academic (b. 1857)
1896 – Alfred Ely Beach, American publisher and lawyer, created the Beach Pneumatic Transit (b. 1826)[351]
1906 – Hugh Nelson, Scottish-Australian farmer and politician, 11th Premier of Queensland (b. 1833)[352]
1918 – William Wilfred Campbell, Canadian poet and author (b. 1858)
1921 – Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg, German lawyer and politician, 5th Chancellor of Germany (b. 1856)[354]
1929 – Mustafa Necati, Turkish civil servant and politician, Turkish Minister of Environment and Urban Planning (b. 1894)[355]
1931 – Martinus Beijerinck, Dutch microbiologist and botanist (b. 1851)[356]
1937 – Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati, Indian religious leader, founded the Gaudiya Math (b. 1874)
1940 – Panuganti Lakshminarasimha Rao, Indian author and educator (b. 1865)[358]
1943 – Jenő Rejtő, Hungarian journalist[359]
1944 – Edwin Lutyens, English architect, designed the Castle Drogo and Thiepval Memorial (b. 1869)[360]
1944 – Charles Turner, Australian cricketer (b. 1862)[361]
1953 – Hank Williams, American singer-songwriter guitarist (b. 1923)
1954 – Duff Cooper, English politician and diplomat, (b. 1890)[363]
1954 – Leonard Bacon, American poet and critic (b. 1887)
1955 – Arthur C. Parker, American archaeologist historian (b. 1881)[365]
1960 – Margaret Sullavan, American actress (b. 1909)[366]
1966 – Vincent Auriol, French journalist and politician, (b. 1884)[367]
1969 – Barton MacLane, actor, playwright screenwriter (b. 1902)
1971 – Amphilochius of Pochayiv, Ukrainian saint (b. 1894)
1972 – Maurice Chevalier, French actor and singer (b. 1888)
1978 – Carle Hessay, German-Canadian painter (b. 1911)
1980 – Pietro Nenni, Italian journalist and politician, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1891)[372]
1981 – Hephzibah Menuhin, American-Australian pianist (b. 1920)[373]
1982 – Victor Buono, American actor (b. 1938)[374]
1984 – Alexis Korner, French-English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1928)[375]
1992 – Grace Hopper, American computer scientist and admiral, co-developed COBOL (b. 1906)[376]
1994 – Arthur Porritt, Baron Porritt, New Zealand physician and politician, 11th Governor-General of New Zealand (b. 1900)[377]
1994 – Cesar Romero, American actor (b. 1907)
1994 – Edward Arthur Thompson, Irish historian academic (b. 1914)
1995 – Eugene Wigner, Hungarian-American physicist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
1996 – Arleigh Burke, American admiral (b. 1901)[381]
1996 – Arthur Rudolph, German-American engineer (b. 1906)
1997 – Townes Van Zandt, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1944)[383]
1998 – Helen Wills, American tennis player and coach (b. 1905)
2001 – Ray Walston, American actor (b. 1914)[385]
2002 – Julia Phillips, American film producer and author (b. 1944)
2003 – Joe Foss, American soldier, pilot, and politician, 20th Governor of South Dakota (b. 1915)[387]
2005 – Shirley Chisholm, American educator and politician (b. 1924)
2006 – Harry Magdoff, American economist and journalist (b. 1913)
2007 – Roland Levinsky, South African-English biochemist and academic (b. 1943)[
2007 – Tillie Olsen, American short story writer (b. 1912)
2008 – Pratap Chandra Chunder, Indian educator and politician (b. 1919)
2009 – Claiborne Pell, American politician (b. 1918)[393]
2010 – Lhasa de Sela, American-Mexican singer-songwriter (b. 1972)
2012 – Kiro Gligorov, Bulgarian-Macedonian lawyer and politician, 1st President of the Republic of Macedonia (b. 1917)
2012 – Nay Win Maung, Burmese physician, businessman, and activist (b. 1962)
2013 – Christopher Martin-Jenkins, English journalist (b. 1945)
2013 – Patti Page, American singer and actress (b. 1927)
2014 – Higashifushimi Kunihide, Japanese monk and educator (b. 1910)[400]
2014 – William Mgimwa, Tanzanian banker and politician, 13th Tanzanian Minister of Finance (b. 1950)
2014 – Juanita Moore, American actress (b. 1914)